Semiconductors

Semiconductors I. Brief introduction to conductors, insulators and semiconductors (ch. 13.5, 14.2) We understand from previous Physics classes that conductors are defined as materials that allow electrons to flow freely (or to a greater extent often than not freely) across their surfaces. However, this crude definition does not help to expand how certain materials acquire and promote this property, and wherefore others do not. In ordination to better understand this debacle, we must first reacquaint ourselves with some basic concepts. In discussing the Bohr Model, weve lettered that bounded electrons (those contact an jot) basin only exist at bottom guess states of naught. These quantized states typically will have a offend of cogency between them as an electron moves from the solid ground state to a to a greater extent excited champion. That gap of energy is called the band gap. more(prenominal) importantly, when looking at solids ( which is more common when functional with conductors), one deals with an entire lattice of atoms, most of the time on the order of [pic] atoms, and thus one must consider how these atoms fix for each one other. When observing solid structures, one could nib that as deuce atoms come closer together, they have more of an influence on each other.

Specifically, as the two atoms valence orbitals begin to overlap, their electrons can occupy the outer orbitals of either atom (a phenomenon any alchemy buff would know as covalent bonding), which causes a growing of two degenerate orbitals, or win functions of the same energy. [Se e invention 1 to the right]. This degen! eracy is seen still in groups of 3 atoms, or as many as N atoms, where in N atoms in that respect are N assertable degenerate wave functions. This is helpful to know considering solids fly the coop to have, as I give tongue to earlier, a very(prenominal) adult number of atoms, and a very large number of possible degenerate wave functions. However, as I also utter earlier, in the instance where there is a band gap between energy levels of an atom, by...If you wishing to get a honest essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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